For many adults in many cultures, enjoying a beer, spirits, or wine is an important part of their social lives. Many lifestyle choices carry potential risks and benefits. While some people choose not to drink, health authorities in many countries ...
Read MoreThis IARD Health Review aims to summarize the literature on the relationship between heavy alcohol consumption and alcohol-related liver disease, which includes alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis.Last reviewed: May 2015IARD Health Reviews offer a referenced overview ...
Read MoreThis IARD Policy Review concentrates on the evidence of the effectiveness of health warning labels on alcohol beverages in reducing harmful drinking.Last Reviewed: February 2019IARD Policy Reviews offer a referenced overview of recent peer-reviewed, published research on the impact of ...
Read MoreCardiovascular disease (CVD) encompasses several distinct conditions involving the heart and blood vessels. Some of the known risk factors for CVD include health-related behaviors, existing health conditions or family history, and genetic traits. This IARD Health Review focuses on the ...
Read MoreScope This table details alcohol beverage labeling requirements in all countries for which IARD has been able to verify the information with the respective national authorities or through publicly accessible documents. Details on the requirements for health warnings to be ...
Read MoreScope This table details alcohol beverage labeling requirements in all countries for which IARD has been able to verify the information with the respective national authorities or through publicly accessible documents. Details on the requirements for health warnings to be ...
Read MoreScope This table details drinking guidelines issued by government bodies regarding alcohol consumption in all countries for which IARD has been able to verify the information with the respective national authorities or through publicly accessible documents. It covers recommendations for:people ...
Read MoreScope This table details legislation and regulations in all countries for which IARD has been able to verify the information with the respective national authorities or through publicly accessible documents. It covers:minimum age limits for purchase, sale, free supply, and ...
Read MoreScope This table details legislation and regulations in all countries for which IARD has been able to verify the information with the respective national authorities or through publicly accessible documents. It covers:minimum age limits for purchase, sale, free supply, and ...
Read MoreScope This table details recommendations for alcohol consumption (drinking guidelines) issued by government bodies in all countries for which IARD has been able to verify the information with the respective national authorities or through publicly accessible documents.Generally, these recommendations apply ...
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© 2026 International Alliance for Responsible Drinking
IARD’s members and the members of its Partnership Council are a diverse group of organizations with a variety of viewpoints. They might not necessarily agree on all or any subjects. Any statements, findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed on this website do not reflect the policies or views of all IARD members or the organizations they represent, unless explicitly stated. However, all members agree on and support IARD’s mission of reducing the harmful use of alcohol.
The resources on this website are not intended as health advice to individuals about their drinking. People with specific questions about their drinking are encouraged to consult a healthcare professional. Together, they can determine what is best for that individual, based on individual risk factors, including family history, genetics, and lifestyle. For some people, the better choice may be to not drink at all.
